Vice-President of India
Basic
- Article 63: There shall be a Vice-President of India.
- 2nd highest office after the President.
- Based on the American system.
Election
- Elected indirectly by MPs of Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha (elected + nominated).
- States legislative assemblies are not involved.
- Voting: Proportional Representation, Single transferable vote, Secret Ballot.
- Disputes settled by the Supreme Court.
- 4 VPs elected unopposed so far.
Qualifications
- Indian citizen.
- 35+ years old.
- Eligible for Rajya Sabha.
- No office of profit (exceptions: President, VP, Governor, Minister).
Nomination
- 20 proposers + 20 seconders.
- Security deposit of ₹15,000 (RBI).
Oath
- Taken by the President.
Term
- 5 years.
- Can resign to the President.
- Continues until the successor joins.
- Eligible for unlimited re-elections.
Removal
- Resolution of Rajya Sabha (special majority).
- Lok Sabha: Approval by simple majority.
- 14 days’ notice required.
- No specific grounds mentioned.
Vacancy
- Causes: Expiry, resignation, removal, death, disqualification.
- Vacancy filled as soon as possible.
- New VP gets a full 5 years.
Powers
- Article 64: Chairman of Rajya Sabha (like Speaker).
- Acts as President (Article 65) in case of vacancy or illness.
- Maximum 6 months in this role.
- Deputy Chairman manages Rajya Sabha during this time.
Indian vs American Vice President
- Indian VP: Acts as President only until a new election.
- American VP: Becomes full President for the remaining term.
Notable Facts
- Dr. Zakir Hussain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed died in office; V.V. Giri and B.D. Jatti acted as Presidents.
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