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This section explains the legislative, ordinance, and judicial powers of the President of India including the process of summoning Parliament, promulgating ordinances, appointing judges, and granting pardons. Legislative Powers The President is an integral part of Parliament (Article 79). Hence he exercises many types of legislative functions. For eg: The President summons and prorogues the sessions of Parliament. No bill becomes an Act without the President’s assent. A Money Bill and a State Reorganisation Bill can be introduced in Parliament only with the prior recommendation of the President. After Lok Sabha election whenever the first meeting of Parliament take place and whenever 1st session of Parliament began every year the President addresses the joint sitting of both Houses. After the Lok Sabha election President appoint Protem Speaker and conduct oath of office to him & after that Protem Speaker can conduct oath of office other members. If th...

This topic explains the functions and powers of the President of India, covering both discretionary and constitutional powers, administrative processes, and the appointment procedures. Functions of the President The President of India is the highest constitutional authority of the country. Hence he has multiple and diverse functions, roles and responsibilities which can be divided/justified into 10 categories . And further they can be reclassified as Discretionary and Constitutional . Discretionary Powers (Only Three) Appointment of the Prime Minister Dissolution of Lok Sabha Terminations of the Council of Minister In these three matters President may take decision based upon his reason will and intellect (स्वेच्छा और बुद्धि). He is not bound by advice of the Council of Ministers. He may take any independent decision other than the Council of Ministers or He may follow any time tested tradition or conventions, or He may take the opinion of legal or constitutiona...

This topic explains the electoral system used for electing the President of India, including proportional representation, single transferable vote system, and the electoral college composition under Article 54 of the Constitution. Election of the President of India → Article 54 The election of the President is held in accordance with the system of Proportional Representation by means of Single Transferable Vote and the voting is by Secret Ballot . Proportional Representation (PR) States like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal have a huge population. In one electoral constituency of an MLA there are usually 8–10 lakh voters who elect their representative. While in smaller states like Goa, Sikkim, North-Eastern states, Kerala one MLA constituency generally has 50,000–2 lakh voters who elect their representative. Due to this huge population difference, MLAs from different states cannot have equal vote value. Hence, proportional representation is followed to ens...

This topic explains when and how the office of the President becomes vacant, who acts as President, and the procedure of impeachment under the Constitution. Office of the President may fall vacant due to:- Death Leave Example:- Dr. Rajendra Prasad took leave during his daughter's marriage Resignation Setting aside of the election by the Supreme Court Impeachment If the President resigns from office then it must be duly sealed and signed in person by the President himself and this resignation is addressed to the Vice President. He does not submit his resignation to anybody , rather he leaves the resignation in the office of the President and the Principal Secretary to the Office of the President and other senior officials, and then the Vice President, Prime Minister, CJI and Speaker of Lok Sabha are immediately informed of his resignation thereafter the Vice President shall act as the President. e . If for any reason the Vice President (V.P.) is not avail...

UPSC Prelims 2024 (PYQs) UPSC Prelims 2024 (PYQs) on Indian Polity cover important topics such as Parliament procedures, powers of the Speaker, Bills and law-making process, writs, Scheduled Tribes, Budget process, Constitutional amendments, North Eastern Council, Delimitation Commission, Constitutional provisions, Union and State Lists, Fundamental Rights, defence administration, and political parties. These questions help students understand how UPSC asks questions from Polity and improve their basic concepts.These questions are highly useful for the preparation of UPSC CSE, CAPF-AC, CDS, State PCS and other competitive examinations. Prepared by Study Indepth | UPSC • CAPF-AC • CDS Preparation UPSC Prelims 2024 (PYQs) - Indian Polity 1. With reference to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, consider the following statements: UPSC 2024 While any resolution for the removal of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha is under consideration 1. He/She shall no...

UPSC Prelims PYQs - Indian Polity UPSC Prelims PYQs on Indian Polity (Topic-wise) Topic-wise UPSC Prelims PYQs on Indian Polity covering Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35), Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), and Fundamental Duties . The questions include important areas such as writs, judicial custody, constitutional remedies, reservation, and Rule of Law. Highly useful for UPSC CSE, CAPF-AC, CDS, State PCS and other competitive examinations. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS Prepared by Study Indepth | UPSC • CAPF-AC • CDS Preparation 1. Consider the following statements: UPSC 2023 Statement-I: The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgments that the reservation policies made under Article 16(4) of the Constitution of India would be limited by Article 335 for maintenance of efficiency of administration. Statement-II: Article 335 of the Constitution of India defines the term 'efficiency of administration...

UPSC Prelims PYQs on Indian Polity (Topic-wise) HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Chapter-wise UPSC Prelims PYQs on Indian Polity covering Historical Understandings including Government of India Act 1919, Government of India Act 1935, Diarchy, and Federation. These questions are highly useful for UPSC CSE, CAPF-AC, CDS, State PCS and other competitive examinations. 📘 Related Polity Content: Complete UPSC Indian Polity PYQs (Topic-wise) Prepared by Study Indepth | UPSC • CAPF-AC • CDS Preparation 1. The Government of India Act of 1919 clearly defined UPSC 2015 (a) the separation of power between the judiciary and the legislature (b) the jurisdiction of the central and provincial governments (c) the powers of the Secretary of State for India and the Viceroy (d) None of the above 2. In the context of Indian history, the principle of 'Dyarchy (diarchy)' refers to: UPSC 2017 (a) Division of the central legisla...

UPSC Prelims PYQs - Indian Polity CHAPTER-1: BASICS OF POLITY AND CONSTITUTION Chapter-wise UPSC Prelims PYQs on Indian Polity covering the basics of the Constitution, constitutional government, federalism, democracy, liberty, equality, parliamentary system, and welfare state. These questions are highly useful for UPSC CSE, CAPF-AC, CDS, State PCS and other competitive examinations. Prepared by Study Indepth | UPSC • CAPF-AC • CDS Preparation 1. Which one of the following statements best reflects the Chief purpose of the 'Constitution' of a country? UPSC 2023 (a) It determines the objective for the making of necessary laws. (b) It enables the creation of political offices and a government. (c) It defines and limits the powers of government. (d) It secures social justice, social equality and social security. 2. Consider the following statements in respect of the Constitution Day: UPSC 2023 Statement-I: ...