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Governors-General & Viceroys of India: Quick Revision for Competitive Exams

Governors-General & Viceroys of India: Quick Revision for Competitive Exams

Governors-General & Viceroys of India

This post provides a comprehensive list of Governors-General and Viceroys of India from 1773 to 1947, ideal for last-minute revision for UPSC, CAPF, SSC, CDS, and other competitive exams.

Governor-Generals of Bengal (1773–1833)

1. Warren Hastings (1773–1785)

  • First Governor-General of Bengal
  • Regulating Act of 1773
  • Pitt's India Act of 1784
  • Rohilla War (1774): Rohillas were Defeated by Suja-ud-Daula
  • First Maratha War (1775–82), Treaty of Salbai (1782)
  • Second Mysore War (1780–84), Treaty of Mangalore
  • Supreme Court established at Calcutta

2. Lord Cornwallis (1786–1793)

  • Third Mysore War, Treaty of Seringapatam (1792)
  • Cornwallis Code (1793)
  • Permanent Settlement (1793)
  • Reformed police and civil services

3. Sir John Shore (1793–1798)

  • Battle of Kharda (1795) between the Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas

4. Lord Wellesley (1798–1805)

  • Introduced Subsidiary Alliance (1798)
  • Fourth Mysore War (1799)
  • Second Maratha War (1803–05)
  • Founded Fort William College

5. Sir George Barlow (1805–1807)

  • Vellore Mutiny (1806)

6. Lord Minto I (1807–1813)

  • Treaty of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh (1809)
  • Charter Act of 1813

7. Lord Hastings (1813–1823)

  • Anglo-Nepal War (1814–16), Treaty of Sugauli
  • Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–19)
  • Introduced Ryotwari System (Madras)

8. Lord Amherst (1823–1828)

  • First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26)
  • Annexed Assam

9. Lord William Bentinck (1828–1835)

  • Abolished Sati (1829)
  • Charter Act of 1833
  • Macaulay’s Minute on Education (1835)

Governor-Generals of India (1833–1858)

1. Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835–1836)

  • Liberator of the Press

2. Lord Auckland (1836–1842)

  • First Afghan War (1839–42)

3. Lord Ellenborough (1842–1844)

  • Ended First Afghan War
  • Brought Gates of Somnath back to India

4. Lord Hardinge I (1844–1848)

  • First Anglo-Sikh War (1845–46)
  • Treaty of Lahore (1846)
  • Social reforms: Female infanticide abolished

5. Lord Dalhousie (1848–1856)

  • Doctrine of Lapse
  • Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852)
  • Annexation of Lower Burma
  • Railways, Post Office Act, Telegraph introduced
  • First railway (Bombay–Thane) in 1853
  • Widow Remarriage Act (1856)
  • Wood's Despatch (1854)
  • Public Works Department (PWD) established

6. Lord Canning (1856–1858)

  • Revolt of 1857
  • Universities in Calcutta, Madras, Bombay (1857)
  • Government of India Act, 1858

Viceroys of India (1858–1947)

1. Lord Canning (1858–1862)

  • First Viceroy of India
  • Indian Councils Act (1861)

2. Lord Elgin I (1862–1863)

  • Died in office

3. Sir John Lawrence (1864–1869)

  • Bhutan War (1865)
  • Established High Courts (1865)
  • Created Indian Forest Department

4. Lord Mayo (1869–1872)

  • Founded Mayo College (Ajmer)
  • First Census (1872)
  • Assassinated in Andaman

5. Lord Northbrook (1872–1876)

  • Famine relief measures
  • Kuka Movement suppressed

6. Lord Lytton (1876–1880)

  • Second Afghan War (1878–80)
  • Vernacular Press Act (1878)
  • Arms Act (1878)
  • Delhi Durbar (1877): Queen Victoria declared Empress of India

7. Lord Ripon (1880–1884)

  • Father of Local Self-Government
  • Factory Act (1881)
  • Ilbert Bill controversy (1883)
  • Repealed Vernacular Press Act (1882)

8. Lord Dufferin (1884–1888)

  • INC founded (1885)
  • Third Burmese War (1885–86)

9. Lord Lansdowne (1888–1894)

  • Factory Act (1891)
  • Indian Councils Act (1892)
  • Durand Line Agreement (1893)

10. Lord Elgin II (1894–1899)

  • Famine and Plague

11. Lord Curzon (1899–1905)

  • Partition of Bengal (1905)
  • Indian Universities Act (1904)
  • Reorganized Archaeological Survey of India

12. Lord Minto II (1905–1910)

  • Morley-Minto Reforms (1909)
  • Swadeshi Movement (1905–11)
  • Establishment of Muslim League (1906)

13. Lord Hardinge II (1910–1916)

  • Capital shifted to Delhi (1911)
  • Annulled Partition of Bengal
  • Delhi Durbar (1911)
  • Hindu Mahasabha (1915)

14. Lord Chelmsford (1916–1921)

  • Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
  • Rowlatt Act (1919)
  • Jallianwala Bagh (1919)
  • Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movements

15. Lord Reading (1921–1926)

  • Chauri Chaura (1922)
  • Kakori Train Robbery (1925)
  • Swaraj Party Formation (1923)

16. Lord Irwin (1926–1931)

  • Simon Commission (1927)
  • Nehru Report (1928)
  • Lahore Congress Session (1929)
  • Dandi March (1930)
  • First Round Table Conference (1930)
  • Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931)

17. Lord Willingdon (1931–1936)

  • Second & Third Round Table Conferences
  • Communal Award & Poona Pact (1932)
  • Government of India Act (1935)

18. Lord Linlithgow (1936–1943)

  • World War II involvement
  • August Offer (1940)
  • Cripps Mission (1942)
  • Quit India Movement (1942)

19. Lord Wavell (1943–1947)

  • C.Rajagopalachari's CR Formula (1944)
  • Wavell Plan (1945)
  • Simla Conference (1945)
  • Cabinet Mission (1946)
  • Direct Action Day (1946)
  • Announcement of end of British rule in India by Clement Attlee (1947)
  • Mountbatten Plan

20. Lord Mountbatten (1947–1948)

  • Last Viceroy of India
  • Implemented Mountbatten Plan
  • Redcliffe Commission and Partition (1947)

Important Notes:

  • First Governor of Bengal: Lord Clive
  • First Governor-General of Bengal: Warren Hastings
  • First Governor-General of India: Lord William Bentinck
  • First Viceroy of India: Lord Canning
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